Heather family plants for bees
Acid-soil specialists that produce two of the most distinctive honeys in the world and flower when very little else does.
Why this family matters
Ericaceae flowers are small urns or bells, held in enormous numbers, and they grow where almost nothing else will — thin acid soils, moorland, bog margins. The honeys are the reason this family matters disproportionately: ling heather honey is thixotropic, gelling at rest and liquefying when stirred, which means it cannot be spun out of the comb and must be pressed. Strawberry tree honey is genuinely bitter and prized for it. Neither is a variation on ordinary honey; both are different products.
When it flowers
Two distinct windows. Blueberry and bilberry flower in April and May and depend on buzz pollination. Then bell heather from June and ling heather in August and September, which is the last major nectar flow of the northern year and the reason beekeepers move hives to moorland. Strawberry tree flowers in October to December, later than almost anything else.
Which bees it serves
Blueberry, bilberry and cranberry release pollen only when shaken at the right frequency — bumblebees can do this and honey bees cannot, which is why commercial blueberry growers buy bumblebee colonies. Heather is worked heavily by honey bees and by heathland-specialist solitary bees. The family is the clearest case in the catalogue of the right bee mattering more than the number of bees.
Worth knowing before you plant it
All of these need genuinely acid soil. On chalk or limestone they will not establish, and no amount of ericaceous compost in a planting hole changes that for long.
Heather family plants in the catalogue
- HeatherCalluna vulgarisAugust to September. Nectar very high, pollen high.Major honey crop
- Strawberry treeArbutus unedoOctober to December. Nectar high, pollen moderate.Minor honey crop
- SourwoodOxydendrum arboreumJune to August. Nectar very high, pollen low.Major honey crop
- BlueberryVaccinium corymbosumApril to June. Nectar high, pollen moderate.Minor honey crop
- BilberryVaccinium myrtillusApril to June. Nectar high, pollen moderate.Minor honey crop
- CranberryVaccinium macrocarponJune to July. Nectar moderate, pollen moderate.Minor honey crop
- Bell heatherErica cinereaJune to September. Nectar high, pollen moderate.Major honey crop
- Greek heathErica manipulifloraSeptember to December. Nectar high, pollen moderate.Minor honey crop
- ManzanitaArctostaphylos speciesDecember to March. Nectar high, pollen moderate.Minor honey crop
What this group covers
12 of 12 months have something in flower. Nectar and pollen are counted separately and a month counts only where at least one plant offers that resource at moderate value or better — a plant in flower is not the same as a plant worth visiting.
| Month | In flower | Nectar | Pollen |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 1 | Yes | Yes |
| February | 1 | Yes | Yes |
| March | 1 | Yes | Yes |
| April | 2 | Yes | Yes |
| May | 2 | Yes | Yes |
| June | 5 | Yes | Yes |
| July | 3 | Yes | Yes |
| August | 3 | Yes | Yes |
| September | 3 | Yes | Yes |
| October | 2 | Yes | Yes |
| November | 2 | Yes | Yes |
| December | 3 | Yes | Yes |
Bees these plants are recorded with
Taken from the relationships on each plant record. These are the well-attested associations rather than an exhaustive list of visitors, so treat the number as a floor.
Honeys from these plants
- Heather honeyStrong, smoky and slightly bitter, with a lingering woodfire-and-toffee character. One of the most complex honeys produced anywhere.
- Tree heath honeyStrong, malty and slightly bitter, with a burnt-caramel depth and a woody finish — assertive in a way that divides opinion sharply.
- Tibetan highland honeyDense and strongly herbal with a resinous depth and a faintly smoky finish — a concentrated honey that reflects both a short intense season and traditional processing.
- Mountain laurel honeyReported as bitter and sharp with a burning sensation in the throat, though the toxin is not reliably detectable by taste — which is the single most important fact about it.
- Strawberry tree honeyAggressively bitter — coffee grounds, artichoke and burnt sugar, with the sweetness arriving late and briefly. Nothing in food prepares most people for it.
- Sourwood honeySpicy and aromatic — anise and clove over a caramel base, with a dry, almost tannic finish that stops it being merely sweet.
- Blueberry honeyTangy and lightly fruity with a green, slightly astringent edge — recognisably related to the berry without tasting of jam.
- Lingonberry honeyDelicate and clean with a distinct tart berry note and a fresh acidity — one of the few honeys that genuinely tastes of the fruit its plant produces.
- Bilberry honeyTangy and berry-forward over a caramel base, with a green astringency and a genuine fruit acidity.
- Cranberry honeyTart and fruity with a genuine cranberry acidity — one of very few honeys where sourness is a real part of the profile.
- Bell heather honeyRich, warm and fruity with a caramel base and a distinct red-fruit note — sweeter and rounder than ling heather, and without its smoky bitterness.
- Greek erica honeyDark, malty and faintly bitter, with dried fig and caramel behind it. A robust honey and a distinctly autumnal one.
Other families
- Daisy family
- Mint family
- Rose family
- Pea family
- Honeysuckle family
- Buttercup family
- Myrtle family
- Cabbage family
- Borage family
- Carrot family
- Mallow family
- Onion family
- Buckthorn family
- Maple and horse chestnut family
- Sapodilla family
- Plantain family
- Citrus family
- Protea family
- Primrose family
- Asparagus family
- Currant family
- Elder and viburnum family
- Pine family
- Cashew and mango family
- Palm family
- Ivy family
- Oak and chestnut family
- Leatherwood family
- Spurge family
Plan with these
- Flowering calendar
What should I plant so that something is always in flower for bees?
- Bee-friendly garden planner
What should I plant in the space I actually have?
- Plant recommendation tool
Which plant fills this specific gap?